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Punnett Squares: Predicting Genetic Outcomes
A Punnett square is a simple grid used to predict the probability of specific genetic outcomes in offspring, based on the known genotypes of two
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Mendelian Inheritance and the Laws of Genetics
Long before anyone knew that DNA or chromosomes existed, an Augustinian monk named Gregor Mendel worked out the basic mathem
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Epigenetics: How Environment Shapes Gene Activity
Identical twins are born with essentially the same DNA sequence, yet over a lifetime they can age at different rates, respond differently to the
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CRISPR-Cas9: Rewriting the Genetic Code
CRISPR-Cas9 is a gene-editing tool that lets researchers cut DNA at a precise, chosen location and then let the cell's own repair machinery make
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Mutations: The Engine of Genetic Variation
The word "mutation" tends to conjure images of disease or mutant superheroes, but at its core a mutation is simply a change in a DNA sequence, no
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Gene Expression and Regulation Explained
A skin cell and a neuron carry an identical copy of your DNA, yet they look completely different and do completely different jobs. The difference
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