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Antibiotic Resistance: An Evolutionary Arms Race

Antibiotic Resistance: An Evolutionary Arms Race

Antibiotic resistance is often described in the media as bacteria "learning" to defeat drugs, but nothing about the process involves learning at all.

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Bacteria: Structure, Function, and Diversity

Bacteria: Structure, Function, and Diversity

Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that represent one of life's three fundamental domains, and by nearly any measure, they're the most suc

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The Human Microbiome and Its Functions

The Human Microbiome and Its Functions

Every human body hosts trillions of microorganisms, bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other microbes,

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The Biology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms

The Biology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms

Roughly a third of a human life is spent asleep, and for a long time that made sleep look like wasted time from a biological standpoint. It isn't. Sl

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Vision: How the Eye Processes Light

Vision: How the Eye Processes Light

Light bouncing off the objects around you is just electromagnetic radiation, no color, no shape, no meaning, until your visual system does the work o

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The Blood-Brain Barrier Explained

The Blood-Brain Barrier Explained

Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and immune cells to nearly every tissue in the body, but the brain is unusually selective about what it le

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