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The Chemistry of Caffeine and Other Alkaloids

The Chemistry of Caffeine and Other Alkaloids

Caffeine, nicotine, morphine, and quinine have almost nothing in common in how they make you feel, but they all belong to the same broad chemical fam

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The Chemistry of Fermentation: How Yeast Turns Sugar into Alcohol

The Chemistry of Fermentation: How Yeast Turns Sugar into Alcohol

Beer, wine, and bread have almost nothing in common on the plate, but at the molecular level, they all begin with the exact same reaction: single-cel

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Water Treatment and Purification Chemistry

Water Treatment and Purification Chemistry

Turning on a tap and getting clean, safe drinking water is easy to take for granted, but the water arriving at a treatment plant is usually far from

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Heterogeneous vs. Homogeneous Catalysis in Industry

Heterogeneous vs. Homogeneous Catalysis in Industry

A catalyst speeds up a reaction without being consumed by it, but that definition leaves out a distinction t

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Metallurgy: How Metals Are Extracted and Alloyed

Metallurgy: How Metals Are Extracted and Alloyed

With only a handful of exceptions, like gold and platinum, metals don't occur naturally as pure elements. They're found locked inside ores, rocky

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Petrochemicals and Cracking: Turning Crude Oil into Useful Molecules

Petrochemicals and Cracking: Turning Crude Oil into Useful Molecules

Crude oil is a thick, dark, largely useless liquid straight out of the ground, a complicated mixture of thousands of different hydrocarbons (comp

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